HISTORIOGRAFI PENULISAN DAN KODIFIKASI HADIS PADA MASA MUTAQADDIMIN: TRANSFORMASI TRADISI KEILMUAN ISLAM AWAL

Abstract

The study of hadith during the mutaqaddimūn period is essential for understanding the formation of the early Islamic scholarly tradition. The historiography of hadith concerns not only the process of codification but also the development of writing, transmission, systematization of hadith collections, and the formation of critical methodologies. This study aims to analyze the development of hadith writing and codification historiography during the mutaqaddimūn period and to examine the dynamics of the scholarly tradition underlying the development of hadith transmission, compilation, and criticism. This research employs a qualitative method through library research and a historiographical approach. The data were obtained from relevant books, hadith works, and scholarly articles concerning the history of hadith writing, codification, and the development of hadith sciences. The data were analyzed descriptively, analytically, and historically by identifying, classifying, comparing, and interpreting the sources according to their historical development. The findings demonstrate that hadith writing had existed since the early Islamic period and gradually developed into formal codification in the second century AH and more systematic compilation in the third century AH. This development was accompanied by scholarly practices such as riḥlah, samāʿ, imlāʾ, manuscript copying and transmission, as well as the development of jarḥ wa taʿdīl, rijāl al-ḥadīth, sanad and matan criticism, and ʿilal al-ḥadīth. These findings confirm that hadith codification was a dynamic, systematic, and continuous scholarly process.